What is the first step in the drowning process?

The first step in the drowning process is surprise. This phase typically occurs when a person unexpectedly finds themselves in a situation where they are submerged in water, often leading to panic. The element of surprise hinders the victim from reacting in a manner that could save them, as they have not prepared for the sudden immersion or loss of air.

During this initial moment, individuals may instinctively react with shock and disorientation rather than attempting to swim or signal for help, making it critical in the understanding of drowning as a process. Recognizing that surprise can drastically affect the decision-making and physical response of a drowning person emphasizes the importance of preventative measures in pool safety and water awareness training.