What is the first step in assisting a choking infant?

The first step in assisting a choking infant involves supporting the infant's head and neck while positioning them face down. This technique is critical because it allows gravity to help dislodge the object causing the choking. By holding the infant securely, you can give a few firm back blows between the shoulder blades to create pressure that may help expel the obstruction.

Positioning an infant face down enables the airway to open more effectively, as the back blows can utilize the force of gravity. It is important to prioritize the infant's safety and head control during this process, given their vulnerable developmental stage. The goal is to clear the airway without causing additional harm, making this method the most appropriate initial action.

The other options would not be suitable as the first step. Performing CPR face up is not an immediate response to choking and should only come into play if the infant becomes unresponsive. Abdominal thrusts are not performed on infants due to their anatomy and developmental needs, and while encouraging coughing can be helpful, it is not a proactive action that addresses a choking emergency directly.